Present invention relates to the new 3-decladinosyl derivatives of 9-deoxo-9a-aza9a-homoerythromycin a 9a, 11-cyclic carbamates

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to the new 3-decladinosyl derivatives of 9-de-oxo-9a-aza9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate of the general formula (I), their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids and their hydrates, wherein R 1  individually stands for hydrogen, hydroxyl or a group of the formula (II), wherein X individually stands for C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group or X individually stands for C 1 -C 6 alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually stands for (CH 2 ) n —Ar or X individually stands for (CH 2 ) n -heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH 2 ) n  individually stands for alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S or N, wherein Ar individually stands for 5-10-membered monocyclic or bycyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 atom O, S or N, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO 2 , NH 2 , amino-C 1 -C 3 alkyl or amino-C 1 -C 3 dialkyl, CN, SO 2 NH 2 , C 1 -C 3 alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl stands for unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, which includes 3-8-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring, which includes 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO 2 , NH 2 , amino-C 1 -C 3 alkyl or amino-C 1 -C 3 dialkyl, CN, SO 2 NH 2 , C 1 C 3 alkil, —C(O)—, COOH or R 1  together with R 2  stands for ketone, R 2  individually stands for hydrogen or together with R 1  stands for ketone or together with R 3  stands for ether, R 3  individually stands for hydroxyl, a group of the formula —OX or together with R 2  stands for ether, R 4  individually stands for hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or C 2 -C 4 alkenyl group, and R 5  individually stands for hydrogen or hydroxyl protected group, to intermediates for synthesis of other macrolide compounds with antibacterial activity, to the process for their preparation, to their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids and their hydrates, to the process for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions, as well as the use of pharmaceutical compositions for treating bacterial infections

This application is a National Stage under 35 U.S.C. §371 of PCT International Application No. PCT/HR03/00051, filed Sep. 26, 2003, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of prior Croatian Application No. P20020779A, filed Sep. 27, 2002. The International Application was published in English on Apr. 8, 2004 as WO 2004/029067 A1 under PCT Article 21(2).

1) TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

A 61 K 31/70, C0 7H 17/08

2) TECHNICAL PROBLEM

The invention relates to novel compounds from the class of macrolide antibiotics. Particularly, the invention relates to novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives from the class of 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamates, to their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids, to their hydrates, to the process for their preparation, to the process for preparation of their pharmaceutical compositions and to the use thereof as antibiotics or intermediates for the synthesis of other macrolide antibiotics.

3) PRIOR ART

Macrolides are well known agens for treating broad spectrum of infections. Erythromycin A (McGuire; Antibiot. Chemother., 1952; 2: 281) has been for more than 40 years considered as safe and efficient agent for the treatment of respiratory and genital infections caused by Gram-positive and by some Gram-negative bacteria, some species of Legionella, Mycoplasna, Clilamidia and Helicobacter. By oxidation of C-9 ketone of erythromycin and subsequent Beckmann rearrangement and reduction, 9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A, the first 15-membered macrolide antibiotics with 9a-amino group incorporated in aglycone ring, is obtained (Kobrehel G. et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,328,334 May 1982).

By O-methylation of C-6 hydroxyl group of erythromycin clarithromycin is obtained (6-O-metil-erythromycin A) (Morimoto S. et al., J. Antibiotics, 1984, 37, 187). In comparison with erythromycin A, clarithromycin is more stable and shows enhanced in vitro activity against Gram-positive strains (Kirst H. A. et al., Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother., 1989, 1419).

In a similar manner by reaction of 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A with benzyloxycarbonyl chloride via 2′-O,(3′,9a-di-N)-tris(benzyloxycarbonyl)-derivative correspondent 9a,11-cyclic carbamate and their 12-O-methyl- and 12,4″-di-O-methyl-derivatives (Kobrehel G. et al., J. Antibiotics, 1993, 46, 1239) were synthesized.

It is known as well that recent research on 14-membered macrolides has lead to the discovery of a new type of macrolide antibiotics, namely ketolides. Instead of the neutral sugar L-cladinose known for its instability even in a weakly acidic medium, these compounds possess a keto group on C-3 position (Agouridas C. et al., EP 596802 A1 May 1994, Le Martret O., FR 2697524 A1 May 1994). Ketolides show a significantly better activity against MLS (macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B) induced-resistant organisms (Jamjian C., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1997, 41, 485).

Object of the present invention are 3-decladinosyl derivatives of 9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate, their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids, their hydrates, methods and intermediates for their preparation as well as preparation and application methods of pharmaceutical preparations.

4) DESCRIPTION OF TECHNICAL PROBLEM WITH EXAMPLES

The invention relates to:

-   -   i) novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives of         9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate,         their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic         or organic acids and their hydrates,     -   ii) methods for preparation of novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives         of 9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate,         their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic         or organic acids and their hydrates,     -   iii) use of novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives of         9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate,         their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic         or organic acids and their hydrates as antibiotics or     -   iv) use of novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives of         9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate,         their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic         or organic acids and their hydrates as intermediates for the         synthesis of other macrolide antibiotics.

Novel 3-decladinosyl derivatives of 9-deoxo-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate of the general formula (I),

their pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts with inorganic or organic acids and their hydrates, wherein

-   R₁ individually stands for hydrogen, hydroxyl or a group of the     formula (II),

wherein

-   X individually stands for C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group or X     individually stands for C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one     incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually stands for     (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually stands for     (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n) individually stands     for alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S     or N, wherein Ar individually stands for 5-10-membered monocyclic or     bicyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 atom O, S or N, unsubstituted or     substituted with 1-3 group, which are selected independently from     halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl,     CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl stands for unaromatic,     partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or     bicyclic ring system, which includes 3-8-membered monocyclic or     bicyclic ring, which includes 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic     ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated     O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 group, which     are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂,     amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkil,     —C(O)—, COOH     or -   R₁ together with R₂ stands for ketone, -   R₂ individually stands for hydrogen or together with R₁ stands for     ketone or together with R₃ stands for ether, -   R₃ individually stands for hydroxyl, a group of the formula —OX or     together with R₂ stands for ether, -   R₄ individually stands for hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or     C₂-C₄alkenyl group, and -   R₅ individually stands for hydrogen or hydroxyl protected group are     subject of this invention.

Term <<hydroxyl protected group>> includes, but is not limited on benzoyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, acetyl or substituted silyl group in order to block the undesired reaction due the synthesis (T. H. Green and P. G. M. Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999).

Compounds given by general formula (I), wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and X have the meaning as defined above could be prepared by methods described in this invention. Methods of preparations, which also are subject of this invention, are illustrated by schemes 1. and 2.:

Starting compound described in scheme 1. for synthesis of compounds, which are subject of this invention are prepared by methods described in patent Kobrehel G. et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,328,334 May 1982 and in the article A. Denis and C. Agouridas, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 1998, 8, 2427 (compound of general formula 1), and in the article Kobrehel G. et al., J. Antibiotics 1993, 46, 1239. (compounds 2 and 3).

Step 1.

The first step of the invention includes a preparation of compounds given by general formula 4 (scheme 2.), wherein R₃ individually stands for hydroxyl or for group of the formula —OX, R₅ stands for hydrogen, wherein R₄ and X have the above meanings, by hydrolysis of the compound of the general formula 3 (scheme 2.), wherein R₃ individually stands for hydroxyl or the group of the formula —OX, wherein R₄ and X have the above meanings with strong acids, preferably with 0.25-1.5 N hydrochloric acid, in a mixture of water and lower alcohols, preferably methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, over 10-30 hours at room temperature.

Step 2.

3-Decladinosyl derivatives obtained in Step 1. are subjected to a selective acylation of the hydroxyl group on 2′-position. Acylation is carried out with chlorides or anhydrides of carboxylic acids with up to 4 carbon atoms, preferably with acetic acid anhydrides, in the presence of inorganic or organic base, in a reaction-inert solvent at a temperature from 0-30° C., yielding 2′-O-acyl derivatives of the formula 4 (scheme 2.), wherein R₅ stands for hydroxyl protected group, preferably acetyl, R₃ individually stands for hydroxyl or group of the formula —OX, wherein R₄ and X have the above meanings.

As suitable bases sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, pyridine, tributylamine are used. As a suitable inert solvent methylene chloride, dichlorethane, acetone, pyridine, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran are used.

2′-O-Acetyl derivatives from the Step 2. are optionally subjected to a reaction with mixed anhydrides of carboxylic acids of the formula Y—COO—R′, wherein Y individually stands for hydrogen or for group X, which is defined above, wherein R′ stands for the group which is usually used for preparation of mixed anhydrides as pivaloyl-, p-toluensulphonyl-, isobutoxycarbonyl-, etoxycarbonyl- or isopropoxycarbonyl-group, in the presence of inorganic or organic base, in a reaction-inert solvent, preferably methylene chloride at a temperature from 0-30° C. for 3-100 hours yielding compounds of the formula 5 (scheme 2.), wherein R₃ individually stands for hydroxyl or the group of the formula —OX, wherein R₅ stands for acyl and substituents R₄ and X have the above meanings. Formed compounds are subsequently subjected to deprotection with lower alcohols, preferably in methanol, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of the formula 5, wherein R₅ stands for hydrogen, wherein R₃, R₄ and X have the above meanings,

or optionally

2′-O-acetyl derivatives from the Step 2., wherein R₃ stands for the group of the formula —OX and all other substituents have the meanings as in the Step 2. are subjected to oxidation of the hydroxyl group in the C-3 position of an aglycone ring according to a modified Moffat-Pfitzner process with N,N-dimethylaminopropyl-3-ethyl-carbodiimide in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide and pyridinium trifluoracetate as a catalyst in a inert organic solvent, preferably in methylene chloride, at a temperature from 10° C. to room temperature, yielding compounds of the formula 6 (scheme 2.), wherein R₃ stands for the group of the formula OX, R₅ stands for acetyl and supstituents R₄ and X have the above meanings. Formed compounds are subsequently subjected to deprotection with lower alcohols, preferably in methanol, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of the formula 6, wherein R₃ stands for hydrogen and all other supstituents have the above meanings. Alternatively it is possible to oxidize C-3 hydroxyl group using Dess Martin periodinane reagens

or optionally

2′-O-acetyl derivatives from the Step 2., wherein R₃ stands for hydroxyl and all other supstituents have the meanings as in the Step 2. are subjected to oxidation described to obtain compounds of the formula 6, where compounds with 3,6-hemiketal structure given by formula 7, wherein R₅ stands for acyl and R₄ has the above meanings are formed. Formed compounds are subsequently subjected to deprotection with lower alcohols, preferably in methanol, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of the formula 7, wherein R₅ stands for hydrogen and R₄ has the above meanings

or optionally

2′-O-acetyl derivatives from the Step 2., wherein R₃ stands for hydroxyl and all other supstituents have the meanings as in the Step 2. are subjected to adequate reagents for dehydratation, preferably methylsulfonyl anhydride to transform hydroxyl group at position 3 in good leaving group, in an inert organic solvent, preferably in pyridine, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent for 10-50 hours. Formed intermediate is subsequently subjected to reaction of elimination with adequate reagens, preferably sodium hydride, in a inert organic solvent, preferably in tetrahydrofuran, at a temperature from 10° C. to room temperature, yielding 3,6-cyclic ether of the formula 8, wherein R₅ stands for acetyl and R₄ has the above meanings. Formed compounds are subsequently subjected to deprotection with lower alcohols, preferably in methanol, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of the formula 8, wherein R₅ stands for hydrogen and R₄ has the above meanings.

Pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts which are also subject of this invention are prepared by reaction of new compounds of the general formula (I) with at least one eqimolar amounts of suitable inorganic or organic acid as chloride, iodide, sulphate, phosphate, acetic, propionic, trifluoracetic, maleinic, citric, stearic, jantaric, ethyljantaric, mathansulphonic, p-toluensulphonic, laurylsulphonic and other acids in reaction inert solvent. Addition salts are isolated by filtration (if they are insoluble in used solvent), by precipitation, by evaporating the solvent or by liophilisation.

The process is illustrated by the following examples, which do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Example 1 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (5.18 g) in 96% ethanol (150 ml) 0.25N hydrochloric acid (50 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 48 hours at room temperature. Ethanol was evaporated, CHCl₃ (150 ml) was added and the pH of the mixture was about pH 1.2. Layers were separated and the water layer extracted two more times with CHCl₃. PH value of water layer was adjusted on pH 9.5 and then extracted three times with CHCl₃. Combined organic extracts at pH 9.5 were rinsed with brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 3.96 g of the title product. This product could be optionally purified by lowpressure chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.382

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3442, 2973, 2937, 2879, 2789, 1743, 1638, 1459, 1417, 1380, 1166, 1113, 1078, 1049, 1001, 947, 915, 897, 770, 670.

ESI-MS, MH⁺ 603.6

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.14 (H-13), 4.45 (H-1′), 4.26 (H-11), 3.78 (H-3), 3.60 (H-5′), 3.56 (H-5), 3.53 (H-9a), 3.49 (H-10), 3.26 (H-2′), 2.58 (H-2), 2.51 (H-3′), 2.35 (H-8), 2.34 (H-9b), 2.26/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.15 (H-4), 1.91 (H-14a), 1.68 (H-4′a), 1.52 (H-14b), 1.50 (H-7a), 1.33 (6-CH₃), 1.31 (10-CH₃), 1.30 (2-CH₃), 1.26 (5′-CH₃), 1.25 (H-4′b), 1.22 (12-CH₃), 1.16 (H-7b), 1.01 (4-CH₃), 1.01 (8-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.9 (C-1), 156.4 (9a,11 C═O), 106.0 (C-1′), 93.6 (C-5), 78.2 (C-11), 77.8 (C-3), 75.6 (C-13), 73.7 (C-12), 71.5 (C-6), 70.9 (C-9), 70.2 (C-2′), 69.7 (C-5′), 65.1 (C-3′), 58.4 (C-10), 49.5 (C-9), 44.3 (C-2), 39.9/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.6 (C-7), 36.5 (C-4), 27.9 (C-4′), 25.4 (6-CH₃), 25.3 (C-8), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 20.2 (8-CH₃), 20.2 (C-14), 15.7 (2-CH₃), 15.0 (12-CH₃), 13.8 (10-CH₃), 10.1 (14-CH₃), 7.5 (4-CH₃).

Example 2 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (3.0 g, 4.98 mmola) from Example 1. in CH₂Cl₂ (100 ml), NaHCO₃ (1.09 g, 13.0 mmola) and acetic acid anhydride (0.62 ml, 6.57 mmola) were added and it was then stirred for 4 hours at room temperature. Onto the reaction mixture a saturated NaHCO₃ solution was added, the layers were separated and the aqueous one was extracted two more times with CH₂Cl₂. The combined organic extracts were rinsed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution and water and evaporated yielding the title product (2.93 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.418

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3485, 2973, 2879, 2786, 1747, 1579, 1461, 1417, 1377, 1249, 1168, 1113, 1049, 1006, 947, 899, 810, 770.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 645.7

Example 3 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

Method A:

To a solution of 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (1.8 g) in 96% ethanol (50 ml) 0.25N hydrochloric acid (15 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 48 hours at room temperature. Ethanol was evaporated, CHCl₃ (50 ml) was added and the pH of the mixture was about pH 0.75. Layers were separated and the water layer extracted two more times with CHCl₃. PH value of water layer was adjusted on pH 9.5 and then extracted three times with CHCl₃. Combined organic extracts at pH 9.5 were rinsed with brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 0.69 g of the title product. This product could be optionally purified by lowpressure chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.527

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3451, 2972, 2938, 2879, 2787, 1744, 1638, 1458, 1414, 1381, 1163, 1113, 1078, 1050, 1002, 949, 896, 835, 781, 670.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 617.3

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.59 (H-13), 4.46 (H-1′), 4.26 (H-11), 3.59 (H-5), 3.59 (H-5′), 3.58 (H-9a), 3.55 (H-10), 3.49 (12-O—CH₃), 3.27 (H-2′), 2.58 (H-2), 2.53 (H-3′), 2.38 (H-8), 2.36 (H-9b), 2.27/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.09 (H-4), 1.75 (H-14a), 1.69 (H-4′a), 1.59 (H-14b), 1.47 (H-7a), 1.33 (6-CH₃), 1.32 (10-CH₃), 1.32 (2-CH₃), 1.30 (H-4′b), 1.25 (5′-CH₃), 1.22 (H-7b), 1.16 (12-CH₃), 1.03 (8-CH₃), 1.01 (4-CH₃), 0.93 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.5 (C-1), 156.6 (9a,11 C═O), 106.1 (C-1′), 93.6 (C-5), 79.3 (C-11), 77.6 (C-3), 73.0 (C-13), 75.3 (C-12), 73.8 (C-6), 70.1 (C-2′), 69.9 (C-5′), 65.2 (C-3′), 58.1 (C-10), 53.2 (12-O—CH₃), 49.6 (C-9), 44.4 (C-2), 40.0/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.9 (C-7), 36.9 (C-4), 27.9 (C-4′), 25.2 (6-CH₃), 25.6 (C-8), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 20.5 (8-CH₃), 20.6 (C-14), 15.8 (2-CH₃), 16.1 (12-CH₃), 13.6 (10-CH₃), 10.1 (14-CH₃), 7.6 (4-CH₃).

Method B:

By hydrolysis of 4″,12-di-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.45 g) in a mixture of 96% ethanol (25 ml) and 0.25 N HCl (10 ml), by the same procedure as described in Method A, on pH 9.5 title compound (0.26 g) was isolated.

Example 4 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.6 g, 0.972 mmola) from Example 3. in CH₂Cl₂ (25 ml) NaHCO₃ (0.22 g, 2.62 mmola) and acetic acid anhydride (0.125 ml, 1.33 mmola) were added and it was then stirred for 4 hours at room temperature. Isolation was the same one as in Example 2. yielding the title product (0.55 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.582

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3442, 2973, 2938, 2879, 2786, 1744, 1460, 1417, 1381, 1250, 1166, 1113, 1050, 1004, 949.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 659.4

Example 5 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

Method A:

To a solution of 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (1.00 g, 1.27 mmol) in 96% ethanol (50 ml) 2N hydrochloric acid (20 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 48 hours at room temperature. Ethanol was evaporated, CHCl₃ (50 ml) was added and the pH of the mixture was about pH 1.0. Layers were separated and the water layer extracted two more times with CHCl₃. PH value of water layer was adjusted on pH 9.5 and then extracted three times with CHCl₃. Combined organic extracts at pH 9.5 were rinsed with brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding crude product which was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.71 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.29

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3449, 2973, 2936, 2785, 1745, 1638, 1459, 1414, 1381, 1320, 1251, 1218, 1163, 1113, 1051, 1003, 948, 895, 836, 7687, 689.

ESI-MS, MH⁺ 631.8

¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.59 (H-13), 4.47 (H-1′), 4.25 (H-11), 3.94 (12-O—CH₂a/Et), 3.77 (H-3), 3.58 (H-5′), 3.57 (H-5), 3.56 (12-O—CH₂b/Et), 3.52 (H-9a), 3.50 (H-10), 3.05 (H-2′), 2.57 (H-2), 2.51 (H-3′), 2.47 (H-8), 2.36 (H-9b), 2.24/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.08 (H-4), 1.68 (H-14a), 1.67 (H-4′a), 1.55 (H-14b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.25 (6-CH₃), 1.21 (4′-Hb), 1.19 (2-CH₃), 1.17 (5′-CH₃), 1.14 (7-Ha), 1.09 (12-CH₃), 1.09 (12-O-Me/Et), 1.00 (4-CH₃), 1.00 (8-CH₃), 0.90 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.6 (C-1), 156.9 (9a,11-C═O), 106.7 (C-1′), 94.3 (C-5), 79.7 (C-11), 78.1 (C-3), 76.1 (C-12), 75.7 (C-13), 73.6 (C-6), 70.5 (C-2′), 70.4 (C-5′), 65.8 (C-3′), 60.8 (12-O—CH₂/Et), 58.6 (C-10), 50.1 (C-9), 44.8 (C-2), 40.5/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 37.4 (C-7), 37.1 (C-4), 28.3 (C-4′), 26.1 (C-8), 25.8 (6-CH₃), 21.1 (8-CH₃), 21.1 (14-C), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 17.2 (2-CH₃), 16.3 (12-O-Me/Et), 15.8 (12-CH₃), 14.1 (10-CH₃), 10.6 (14-CH₃), 8.0 (4-CH₃).

Method B:

By hydrolysis of 4″,12-di-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (1.00 g) in a mixture of 96% ethanol (50 ml) and 2 N HCl (20 ml), by the same procedure as described in Method A, on pH 9.5 title compound (0.76 g) was isolated.

Example 6 2′-O-Acetil-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-etil-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (1.00 g, 1.59 mmola) from Example 5. in CH₂Cl₂ (50 ml) NaHCO₃ (0.67 g, 7.98 mmola) and acetic acid anhydride (0.18 ml, 1.90 mmola) were added and it was then stirred for 4 hours at room temperature. Isolation was the same one as in Example 2. yielding the title product (1.05 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.32

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3483, 2973, 2878, 2789, 1747, 1578, 1459, 1413, 1380, 1249, 1166, 1113, 1050, 1006, 947, 897, 770.

ESI-MS, MH⁺ 673.7

Example 7 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (2.83 g, 4.39 mmola) from Example 2. in CH₂Cl₂ (50 ml) dimethylsulfoxide (4.08 ml, 5.32 mmola) and N,N-dimethyl-aminopropyl-ethyl-carbodiimid (5.05 g, 26.34 mmola) were added. The reaction mixture was cooled to 15° C., a then, keeping the temperature constant, solution of pyridinium trifluoracetate (5.01 g, 20.21 mmola) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) was added dropwise during 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at 15° C. to room temperature for additional 2 hours. To the reaction mixture saturated aqueous solution of NaCl (25 ml) was added and the pH value was adjusted to pH 9.5. The layers were separated and the water layer was extracted two more times with CH₂Cl₂ Combined organic extracts were rinsed with brine, NaHCO₃ and water, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 2.5 g of the title product with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.709

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3488, 2975, 2939, 2879, 2784, 1748, 1655, 1459, 1373, 1243, 1191, 1169, 1114, 1061, 1011, 968, 912, 797, 763.

FAB MS, MH⁺ 643.3

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.97 (H-13), 4.81 (H-2′), 4.59 (H-10), 4.26 (H-1′), 4.23 (H-11), 3.63 (H-5), 3.51 (H-5′), 3.44 (H-9a), 2.82 (H-9b), 2.71 (H-3′), 2.43 (H-2), 2.27/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.08 (2′-COCH₃), 1.95 (H-14a), 1.85 (H-4), 1.85 (H-7a), 1.74 (H-4′a), 1.74 (H-8), 1.55 (H-7b), 1.46 (H-14b), 1.38 (6-CH₃), 1.38 (12-CH₃), 1.30 (2-CH₃), 1.30 (5′-CH₃), 1.27 (H-4′b), 1.23 (4-CH₃), 1.15 (10-CH₃), 1.03 (8-CH₃), 0.89 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 175.5 (C-1), 169.8 (2′-COCH₃), 156.2 (9a,11 C═O), 103.5 (C-3), 103.4 (C-1′), 94.5 (C-5), 84.5 (C-6), 84.4 (C-11), 76.2 (C-13), 73.9 (C-12), 70.5 (C-2′), 69.2 (C-5′), 63.0 (C-3′), 51.9 (C-10), 49.7 (C-2), 49.1 (C-9), 49.2 (C-4), 44.0 (C-7), 39.9/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 30.3 (C-4′), 30.6 (C-8), 25.2 (6-CH₃), 23.6 (8-CH₃), 21.6 (C-14), 20.8 (5′-CH₃), 17.4 (12-CH₃), 14.0 (2-CH₃), 13.6 (4-CH₃), 12.6 (10-CH₃), 10.2 (14-CH₃).

Example 8 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

The solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (2.5 g) from Example 7. in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the residue (2.26 g) purified by lowpressure chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:1.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (2.06 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.636

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3488, 2975, 2939, 2787, 1743, 1655, 1459, 1384, 1259, 1190, 1114, 1079, 1045, 1011, 970, 956, 796.

FAB MS, MH⁺ 601.2

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.96 (H-13), 4.65 (H-10), 4.24 (H-11), 4.22 (H-1′), 3.72 (H-5), 3.53 (H-5′), 3.45 (H-9a), 3.24 (H-2′), 2.82 (H-9b), 2.49 (H-3′), 2.52 (H-2), 2.29/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.11 (H-4), 1.91 (H-14a), 1.91 (H-7a), 1.75 (H-8), 1.68 (H-4′a), 1.60 (H-7b), 1.50 (H-14b), 1.40 (6-CH₃), 1.38 (12-CH₃), 1.31 (2-CH₃), 1.26 (4-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.22 (5′-CH₃), 1.14 (10-CH₃), 1.04 (8-CH₃), 0.89 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 175.2 (C-1), 156.0 (9a,11 C═O), 105.8 (C-1′), 103.4 (C-3), 95.0 (C-5), 84.6 (C-11), 84.4 (C-6), 78.0 (C-13), 77.8 (C-3), 73.9 (C-12), 69.5 (C-2′), 69.5 (C-5′), 65.3 (C-3′), 51.8 (C-10), 49.5 (C-2), 49.3 (C-4), 49.2 (C-9), 44.4 (C-7), 40.0/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 28.0 (C-4′), 30.7 (C-8), 25.4 (6-CH₃), 23.7 (8-CH₃), 21.6 (C-14), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 17.3 (12-CH₃), 13.9 (2-CH₃), 13.5 (4-CH₃), 12.4 (10-CH₃), 10.1 (14-CH₃).

Example 9 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.55 g, 0.44 mmola) from Example 4. in CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) dimethylsulfoxide (0.82 ml, 11.54 mmola) and N,N-dimethyl-aminopropyl-ethyl-carbodiimid (1.0 g, 5.22 mmola) were added. The reaction mixture was cooled to 15° C., a then, keeping the temperature constant, solution of pyridinium trifluoracetate (1.0 g, 5.17 mola) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) was added dropwise during 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at 15° C. to room temperature for additional 2 hours and isolated according the procedure described in Example 7. yielding the title compound (0.55 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.867

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3442, 2975, 2939, 2879, 2786, 1746, 1459, 1380, 1249, 1191, 1167, 1114, 1051, 1005, 949.

FAB MS, MH⁺ 657.3

Example 10 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

The solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.55 g) from Example 9. in MeOH (20 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the residue (0.45 g) purified by low pressure chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:1.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.251 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.776

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3489, 2974, 2938, 2786, 1759, 1632, 1457, 1427, 1384, 1256, 1189, 1167, 1115, 1071, 1044, 1010, 968.

FAB MS, MH⁺ 615.3

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.01 (H-13), 4.53 (H-10), 4.35 (H-11), 4.22 (H-1), 3.71 (H-5), 3.53 (H-5′), 3.47 (H-9a), 3.41 (12-O—CH₃), 3.24 (H-2′), 2.81 (H-9b), 2.48 (H-3′), 2.51 (H-2), 2.28/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.10 (H-4), 1.91 (H-7a), 1.86 (H-14a), 1.72 (H-8), 1.67 (H-4′a), 1.59 (H-7b), 1.48 (H-14b), 1.40 (6-CH₃), 1.35 (12-CH₃), 1.31 (2-CH₃), 1.26 (4-CH₃), 1.22 (5′-CH₃), 1.15 (10-CH₃), 1.04 (8-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃)δ 175.7 (C-1), 156.5 (9a,11 C═O), 105.9 (C-1′), 103.3 (C-3), 95.1 (C-5), 83.4 (C-11), 84.4 (C-6), 76.1 (C-13), 77.6 (C-12), 69.6 (C-2′), 69.6 (C-5′), 65.4 (C-3′), 52.4 (C-10), 51.2 (12-O—CH₃), 49.6 (C-2), 49.3 (C-4), 49.3 (C-9), 44.7 (C-7), 40.1/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 28.1 (C-4′), 30.7 (C-8), 25.6 (6-CH₃), 24.0 (8-CH₃), 21.9 (C-14), 21.0 (5′-CH₃), 14.1 (12-CH₃), 14.0 (2-CH₃), 13.4 (4-CH₃), 12.6 (10-CH₃), 10.2 (14-CH₃).

Example 11 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.34 g, 0.51 mmola) from Example 6. in CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) dimethylsulfoxide (0.54 ml, 7.60 mmola) and N,N-dimethyl-aminopropyl-ethyl-carbodiimid (0.58 g, 3.03 mmola) were added. The reaction mixture was cooled to 15° C., a then, keeping the temperature constant, solution of pyridinium trifluoracetate (0.59 g, 3.05 mmola) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) was added dropwise during 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at 15° C. to room temperature for additional 2 hours and isolated according the procedure described in Example 9. yielding the title compound (0.32 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.89

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3442, 2975, 2939, 2879, 2786, 1746, 1459, 1380, 1249, 1191, 1167, 1114, 1051, 1005, 949.

ES-MS, MH⁺ 671.3

Example 12 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

The solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.32 g) from Example 11. in MeOH (20 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the residue (0.30 g) purified by lowpressure chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:1.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.17 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.80

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3496, 2975, 2936, 2881, 2786, 1759, 1630, 1458, 1427, 1384, 1331, 1255, 1189, 1167, 1116, 1066, 1011, 968, 875, 838, 763, 680.

ES-MS, MH⁺ 629.4

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.01 (H-13), 4.52 (H-10), 4.35 (H-11), 4.22 (H-1′), 3.75 (12-O—CH₂a/Et), 3.71 (H-5), 3.59 (12-O—CH₂b/Et), 3.54 (H-5′), 3.46 (H-9a), 3.25 (H-2′), 2.81 (H-9b), 2.52 (H-3′), 2.52 (H-2), 2.31/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.09 (H-4), 1.90 (H-7a), 1.88 (H-14a), 1.732 (H-8), 1.70 (H-4′a), 1.58 (H-7b), 1.48 (H-14b), 1.39 (6-CH₃), 1.36 (12-CH₃), 1.31 (2-CH₃), 1.25 (4-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.22 (5′-CH₃), 1.15 (10-CH₃), 1.14 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 1.04 (8-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.4 (C-1), 155.7 (9a,11 C═O), 105.0 (C-1′), 102.4 (C-3), 94.2 (C-5), 83.5 (C-6), 83.0 (C-11), 76.7 (C-12), 75.6 (C-13), 68.7 (C-2′), 68.7 (C-5′), 64.5 (C-3′), 57.6 (12-O—CH₂/Et), 51.7 (C-10), 48.8 (C-2), 48.6 (C-4), 48.5 (C-9), 43.9 (C-7), 39.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 30.07 (C-8), 27.5 (C-4′), 24.8 (6-CH₃), 23.1 (8-CH₃), 21.2 (C-14), 20.2 (5′-CH₃), 15.0 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 13.9 (12-CH₃), 13.2 (2-CH₃), 12.7 (4-CH₃), 11.9 (10-CH₃), 9.6 (14-CH₃).

Example 13 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (1.21 g, 1.88 mmol) from Example 2. in pyridine (60 ml) methylsulphonyl anhydride (1.176 g, 6.75 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (50 ml). Saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃ (50 ml) was added, the layers were separated and the water layer was extracted two more times with CH₂Cl₂ Combined organic extracts were rinsed with NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 1.8 g of crude product with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.72

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3459, 2973, 2939, 1746, 1651, 1456, 1415, 1374, 1350, 1243, 1174, 1113, 1061, 1001, 913, 769, 701, 670.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 723.8

Example 14 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 13. (1.00 g, 1.38 mmol) in DMF/THF (30 ml/10 ml) suspension (60%) of NaH in mineral oil (0.22 g, 5.53 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃ (50 ml), EtOAc (50 ml) was added and the layers were separated. The water layer was extracted two more times with EtOAc. Combined organic extracts were rinsed with NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 0.73 g of product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (60 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.65 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.59

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3450, 2971, 2928, 1740, 1639, 1461, 1383, 1350, 1255, 1170, 1114, 1077, 1044, 999, 974, 945, 912, 864, 767, 635.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 585.7

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.97 (H-13), 4.40 (H-11), 4.29 (10-H), 4.20 (H-1′), 3.73 (H-3), 3.59 (H-5), 3.51 (H-5′), 3.41 (H-9a), 3.21 (H-2′), 2.50 (H-9b), 2.50 (H-3′), 2.48 (H-2), 2.30/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.05 (H-4), 1.85 (H-14a), 1.85 (H-7a), 1.80 (H-8), 1.68 (H-7b), 1.66 (H-4′a), 1.50 (H-14b), 1.34 (12-CH₃), 1.27 (H-4′b), 1.25 (4-CH₃), 1.23 (5′-CH₃), 1.21 (6-CH₃), 1.19 (2-CH₃), 1.16 (10-CH₃), 1.01 (8-CH₃), 0.87 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.9 (1-C), 156.7 (9a,11-C═O), 104.2 (C-1′), 93.8 (C-5), 85.0 (C-6), 84.3 (C-11), 83.8 (C-3), 77.9 (C-13), 74.7 (C-12), 70.1 (C-5′), 69.8 (C-2′), 65.8 (C-3′), 53.1 (C-10), 50.0 (C-9), 47.7 (C-2), 46.5 (C-4), 44.2 (C-7), 40.6/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 29.9 (C-8), 28.8 (C-4′), 24.3 (8-CH₃), 22.7 (6-CH₃), 22.1 (C—), 21.4 (5′-CH₃), 19.3 (4-CH₃), 17.9 (12-CH₃), 15.1 (2-CH₃), 13.1 (10-CH₃), 10.6 (14-CH₃).

Example 15 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.533 g, 0.81 mmol) from Example 4. in pyridine (60 ml) methylsulphonyl anhydride (0.507 g, 2.91 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and isolated according the procedure described in Example 13. yielding the title compound (0.573 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.88

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3458, 2974, 2935, 1747, 1637, 1460, 1414, 1374, 1351, 1241, 1173, 1113, 1060, 1000, 915, 765, 707, 670.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 737.8

Example 16 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 15. (0.487 g, 0.66 mmol) in DMF/THF (12 ml/4 ml) suspension (60%) of NaH in mineral oil (0.107 g, 2.68 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated aqueos solution of NaHCO₃ (50 ml), EtOAc (50 ml) was added and the layers were separated. The water layer was extracted two more times with EtOAc. Combined organic extracts were rinsed with NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 0.43 g of product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (60 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.30 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.82

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3443, 2956, 2926, 1752, 1639, 1462, 1385, 1365, 1255, 1169, 1114, 1076, 1035, 999, 973, 945, 912, 864, 835, 765, 635.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 599.9

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.06 (H-13), 4.63 (H-10), 4.36 (H-11), 4.20 (H-1′), 3.74 (H-3), 3.58 (H-5), 3.51 (H-5′), 3.43 (H-9a), 3.40 (12-O—CH₃), 3.21 (H-2′), 2.83 (H-9b), 2.47 (H-3′), 2.47 (H-2), 2.28/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.07 (H-4), 1.86 (H-7a), 1.82 (H-14a), 1.78 (H-8), 1.68 (H-7b), 1.65 (H-4′a), 1.45 (H-14b), 1.33 (12-CH₃), 1.27 (H-4′b), 1.25 (4-CH₃), 1.24 (5′-CH₃), 1.22 (6-CH₃), 1.19 (2-CH₃), 1.14 (10-CH₃), 1.02 (8-CH₃), 0.86 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 175.1 (C-1), 157.1 (9a,11-C═O), 104.6 (C-1′), 94.1 (C-5), 84.8 (C-6), 84.5 (C-3), 83.3 (C-11), 78.0 (C-12), 75.9 (C-13), 70.1 (C-5′), 69.9 (C-2′), 65.9 (C-3′), 53.2 (12-O—CH₃), 53.1 (C-10), 50.0 (C-9), 47.8 (C-2), 46.5 (C-4), 44.7 (C-7), 40.6/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 29.9 (C-8), 28.4 (C-4′), 24.4 (8-CH₃), 23.0 (6-Me), 22.4 (C-14), 21.5 (5′-CH₃), 19.3 (4-CH₃), 19.0 (12-CH₃), 15.1 (2-CH₃), 13.1 (10-CH₃), 10.4 (14-CH₃).

Example 17 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate (0.55 g, 0.82 mmol) from Example 6. in pyridine (30 ml) methylsulphonyl anhydride (0.512 g, 2.94 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and isolated according the procedure described in Example 13. yielding the title compound (0.607 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.90

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3444, 2973, 2934, 1747, 1644, 1462, 1416, 1373, 1351, 1244, 1174, 1116, 1060, 1000, 915, 767, 706, 672.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 751.3

Example 18 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-mesyl 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 17. (0.450 g, 0.60 mmol) in DMF/THF (12 ml/4 ml) suspension (60%) of NaH in mineral oil (0.097 g, 2.42 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated aqueos solution of NaHCO₃ (50 ml), EtOAc (50 ml) was added and the layers were separated. The water layer was extracted two more times with EtOAc. Combined organic extracts were rinsed with NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 0.45 g of product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (60 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product (0.35 g) with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.87

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3450, 2971, 2928, 1740, 1639, 1461, 1383, 1255, 1170, 1114, 1077, 1044, 999, 974, 945, 912, 864, 835, 767, 635.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 613.7

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.10 (H-13), 4.62 (H-10), 4.32 (H-11), 4.20 (H-1′), 3.75 (12-O—CH₂a/Et), 3.72 (H-3), 3.70 (12-O—CH₂b/Et), 3.60 (H-5), 3.52 (H-5′), 3.42 (H-9a), 3.27 (H-2′), 2.85 (H-9b), 2.58 (H-3′), 2.46 (H-2), 2.30/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.08 (H-4), 1.85 (H-7a), 1.82 (H-14a), 1.80 (H-8), 1.75 (H-4′a), 1.63 (H-7b), 1.53 (H-14b), 1.35 (12-CH₃), 1.32 (H-4′b), 1.28 (5′-CH₃), 1.27 (4-CH₃), 1.25 (6-CH₃), 1.22 (2-CH₃), 1.19 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 1.15 (10-CH₃), 1.05 (8-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 174.7 (C-1), 159.9 (9a,11-C═O), 104.1 (C-1′), 93.9 (C-5), 84,4 (C-11), 83.3 (C-3), 83.1 (C-6), 77.6 (C-12), 75.9 (C-13), 69.7 (C-5′), 69.0 (C-2′), 65.6 (C-3′), 58.4 (12-O—CH₂/Et), 52.8 (C-10), 49.7 (C-9), 47.4 (C-2), 46.1 (C-4), 44.3 (C-7), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 30.0 (C-8), 28.7 (C-4′), 24.1 (8-CH₃), 22.7 (6-CH₃), 22.1 (C-14), 21.5 (5′-CH₃), 18.6 (4-CH₃), 15.9 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 15.1 (12-CH₃), 14.5 (2-CH₃), 12.9 (10-CH₃), 10.4 (14-CH₃),

Example 19 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid (0.644 g, 3.55 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (15 ml) TEA (0.504 ml, 3.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.469 ml, 3.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.966 ml, 11.94 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.70 g, 1.08 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. Saturated aqueos solution of NaHCO₃ (30 ml) was added and the layers were separated. The water layer was extracted two more times with CH₂Cl₂. Combined organic extracts were rinsed with brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding 0.70 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.30 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.67

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3459, 2974, 2939, 1747, 1606, 1524, 1456, 1415, 1380, 1347, 1251, 1216, 1164, 1112, 1076, 1045, 1000, 966, 947, 904, 856, 768, 731, 673.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 766.3

¹H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.20 (H-4″,H-6″), 7.55 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.28 (H-3), 5.13 (H-13), 4.25 (H-11), 4.04 (H-1′), 3.86 (H-1″a), 3.81 (H-1″b), 3.50 (H-5), 3.48 (H-10), 3.46 (H-9a), 3.27 (H-5′), 3.23 (H-2′), 2.76 (H-2), 2.45 (H-4), 2.38 (H-3′), 2.34 (H-9b), 2.34 (H-8), 2.30/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 1.74 (H-14a), 1.62 (H-4′a), 1.53 (H-14b), 1.37 (H-7a), 1.34 (H-7b), 1.30 (10-CH₃), 1.28 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.20 (12-CH₃), 1.18 (5′-CH₃), 1.10 (4-CH₃), 0.97 (8-CH₃), 0.90 (2-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.3 (C-1), 169.7 (1″-C═O), 156.2 (9a,11-C═O), 147.2 (C-5″), 141.1 (C-2″), 130.4 (C-4″, C-6″), 123.7 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.7 (C-1′), 84.0 (C-5), 80.2 (C-3), 78.2 (C-11), 76.1 (C-13), 74.6 (C-6), 71.7 (C-12), 70.7 (C-2′), 68.6 (C-5′), 66.0 (C-3′), 58.8 (C-10), 49.8 (C-9), 42.7 (C-2), 41.1 (C-1″), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.2 (C-7), 36.1 (C-4), 28.3 (C-4′), 26.4 (6-CH₃), 25.1 (C-8), 21.0 (5′-CH₃), 20.5 (8-CH₃), 20.4 (C-14), 15.7 (2-CH₃), 15.0 (12-CH₃), 14.0 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.7 (4-CH₃).

Example 20 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 19. (0.20 g, 0.26 mmol) in conc. acetic acid (25 ml) PtO2xH2O (0.12 g, 0.52 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature under H2 pressure about 30 barrs. The catalyst was filtrated, wasched and the liquor evaporated. To residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (30 ml), water (30 ml) was added and the pH value of the mixture was adjusted to pH 9.5. The layers were separated and the organic layer extracted two times with saturated aqueos solution of NaHCO₃. Organic layer was dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated yielding crude product which was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.13 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.57

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3445, 2973, 2936, 1747, 1633, 1519, 1456, 1415, 1380, 1252, 11654, 1077, 1044, 1001, 967, 946, 903, 834, 768, 734, 690, 673.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 736.3

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.14 (H-4″, H-6″), 6.65 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.22 (H-3), 5.14 (H-13), 4.26 (H-11), 4.01 (H-1′), 3.58 (H-5), 3.58 (H-1″a), 3.50 (H-1″b), 3.50 (H-10), 3.43 (H-9a), 3.24 (H-2′), 3.14 (H-5′), 2.77 (H-2), 2.56 (H-3′), 2.47 (H-4), 2.39/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.37 (H-9b), 2.32 (H-8), 1.91 (H-14a), 1.64 (H-4′a), 1.49 (H-14b), 1.33 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.27 (6-CH₃), 1.23 (H-4′b), 1.20 (12-CH₃), 1.16 (5′-CH₃), 1.10 (4-CH₃), 0.97 (8-CH₃), 0.91 (2-CH₃), 0.84 (14-CH₃).

Example 21 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-fluorophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid (0.360 g, 2.35 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (15 ml) TEA (0.360 g, 2.35 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.390 g, 2.35 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.696 ml, 7.91 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.50 g, 0.71 mmol) to dry CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours and for aditionaly 20 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 0.45 g+of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.24 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.53

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3445, 2973, 2938, 1747, 1609, 1511, 1457, 1416, 1380, 1251, 1223, 1164, 1077, 1045, 1001, 967, 945, 905, 834, 768, 690, 673.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 739.3

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.35 (H-4″, H-6″), 7.03 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.27 (H-3), 5.14 (H-13), 4.27 (H-11), 4.03 (H-1′), 3.72 (H-1″a), 3.66 (H-1″b), 3.52 (H-5), 3.50 (H-10), 3.45 (H-9a), 3.23 (H-2′), 3.21 (H-5′), 2.76 (H-2), 2.50 (H-4), 2.40 (H-3′), 2.34 (H-9b), 2.33 (H-8), 2.32/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 1.90 (H-14a), 1.62 (H-4′a), 1.50 (H-14b), 1.37 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.29 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.22 (12-CH₃), 1.18 (5′-CH₃), 1.11 (4-CH₃), 0.98 (8-CH₃), 0.89 (2-CH₃), 0.85 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.3 (C-1), 169.9 (1″-C═O), 156.5 (9a,11-C═O), 149.5 (C-5″), 140.2 (C-2″), 130.7 (C-4″, C-6″), 128.1 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.6 (C-1′), 84.9 (C-5), 80.0 (C-3), 78.6 (C-11), 76.3 (C-13), 75.9 (C-6), 71.7 (C-12), 70.3 (C-2′), 69.7 (C-5′), 66.2 (C-3′), 58.7 (C-10), 49.7 (C-9), 43.0 (C-2), 41.8 (C-1″), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.3 (C-4), 36.0 (C-7), 28.8 (C-4′), 26.5 (6-CH₃), 24.9 (C-8), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 20.8 (C-14), 20.8 (8-CH₃), 15.6 (2-CH₃), 15.8 (12-CH₃), 13.9 (10-CH₃), 10.1 (14-CH₃), 8.8 (4-CH₃).

Example 22 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-methoxyphenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-methoxphenylacetic acid (0.390 g, 2.35 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (15 ml) TEA (0.360 g, 2.35 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.390 g, 2.35 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.696 ml, 7.91 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.50 g, 0.71 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours and for aditionaly 44 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 0.45 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.37 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.57

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3459, 2973, 2938, 1747, 1614, 1514, 1456, 1416, 1380, 1300, 1250, 1216, 1164, 1077, 1040, 969, 904, 821, 769, 674.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 751.4

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.27 (H-4″, H-6″), 6.87(H-3″, H-7″), 5.24 (H-3), 5.14 (H-13), 4.26 (H-11), 4.04 (H-1′), 3.80 (5″-OMe), 3.66 (H-1″a), 3.60 (H-1″b), 3.50 (H-5), 3.44 (H-10), 3.43 (H-9a), 3.21 (H-2′), 3.18 (H-5′), 2.76 (H-2), 2.48 (H-4), 2.41 (H-3′), 2.35 (H-9b), 2.32 (H-8), 2.30/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 1.90 (H-14a), 1.60 (H-4′a), 1.49 (H-14b), 1.33 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.24 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.21 (12-CH₃), 1.17 (5′-CH₃), 1.10 (4-CH₃), 0.96 (8-CH₃), 0.89 (2-CH₃), 0.84 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.6 (C-1), 171.3 (1″-C═O), 158.85 (C-5″), 156.8 (9a,11-C═O), 130.3 (C-4″, C-6″), 125.6 (C-2″), 113.9 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.0 (C-1′), 84.9 (C-5), 79.2 (C-3), 78.2 (C-11), 76.3 (C-13), 74.5 (C-6), 71.7 (C-12), 70.5 (C-2′), 69.4 (C-5′), 65.8 (C-3′), 58.8 (C-10), 55.2 (5″-OMe), 49.8 (C-9), 42.7 (C-2), 40.9 (C-1″), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.1 (C-4), 36.0 (C-7), 28.4 (C-4′), 26.5 (6-CH₃), 25.1 (C-8), 21.1 (5′-CH₃), 20.6 (C-14), 20.4 (8-CH₃), 15.6 (2-CH₃), 15.0 (12-CH₃), 14.0 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.7 (4-CH₃).

Example 23 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(benzyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of phenylpropionic acid (0.231 g, 1.55 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) TEA (0.216 ml, 1.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.201 ml, 1.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.414 ml, 3.41 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.20 g, 0.31 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (0.038 ml, 0.31 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 10 hours. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 0.35 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.10 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.78

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3444, 2927, 2927, 1743, 1640, 1456, 1417, 1380, 1260, 1215, 1165, 1107, 1079, 1047, 1002, 965, 938, 810, 769, 702, 675.

FAB-S, MH⁺ 735.6

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.19-7.13 (H—Ar), 5.24 (H-3), 5.14 (H-13), 4.24 (H-11), 4.02 (H-1′), 3.50 (H-10), 3.45 (H-5), 3.39 (H-9a), 3.23 (H-2′), 3.23 (H-5′), 2.99 (H-2″a i b), 2.77 (H-1″a i b), 2.76 (H-2), 2.53 (H-3′), 2.50 (H-4), 2.45/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.30 (H-9b), 2.30 (H-8), 1.93 (H-14a), 1.66 (H-4′a), 1.50 (H-14b), 1.34 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.28 (H-4′b), 1.25 (6-CH₃), 1.21 (12-CH₃), 1.21 (5′-CH₃), 1.06 (4-CH₃), 0.97 (8CH₃), 0.96 (2-CH₃), 0.86 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.6 (C-1), 172.3 (1″-C═O), 156.1 (9a,11-C═O), 140.2 (C-3″), 128.5 (C-4″, C-8″), 128.2 (C-5″, C-7″), 126.3 (C-6″), 102.8 (C-1′), 84.4 (C-5), 78.9 (C-3), 78.1 (C-11), 75.9 (C-13), 74.4 (C-6), 71.6 (C-12), 70.1 (C-5′), 69.0 (C-2′), 66.0 (C-3′), 58.7 (C-10), 49.7 (C-9), 42.6 (C-2), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.1 (C-1″), 36.1 (C-7), 35.9 (C-4), 30.6 (C-2″), 29.1 (C-4′), 26.4 (6-CH₃), 25.0 (C-8), 20.9 (5′-CH₃), 20.5 (8-CH₃), 20.3 (C-14), 15.8 (2-CH₃), 14.9 (12-CH₃), 13.9 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.7 (4-CH₃).

Example 24 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(pyridyltio)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-pyridyltioacetic acid (0.59 g, 1.55 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (20 ml) TEA (0.216 ml, 1.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.201 ml, 1.55 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.828 ml, 6.82 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.20 g, 0.31 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (0.038 ml, 0.31 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at reflux temperature for 10 hours. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 0.37 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.09 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.24

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3434, 2972, 2934, 1743, 1649, 1574, 1460, 1411, 1375, 1240, 1167, 1062, 999, 946, 806, 769, 708.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 754.6

¹H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.47 (H-4″, H-6″), 7.29 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.30 (H-3), 5.15 (H-13), 4.24 (H-11), 4.12 (H-1′), 3.98 (H-1″a), 3.95 (H-1″b), 3.50 (H-10), 3.49 (H-5), 3.44 (H-9a), 3.44 (H-2′), 3.34 (H-5′), 2.96 (H-2), 2.52 (H-3′), 2.50 (H-4), 2.33 (H-9b), 2.33 (H-8), 2.32/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 1.93 (H-14a), 1.78 (H-4′a), 1.53 (H-14b), 1.37 (H-7a), 1.337 (H-7b), 1.31 (10-CH₃), 1.30 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.23 (5′-CH₃), 1.22 (12-CH₃), 1.11 (4-CH₃), 1.09 (8-CH₃), 0.98 (2-CH₃), 0.85 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.5 (C-1), 168.8 (1″-C═O), 156.4 (9a,11-C═O), 149.5 (C-4″, C-6″), 147.3 (C-2″), 120.9 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.6 (C-1′), 87.0 (C-5), 81.1 (C-3), 78.4 (C-11), 76.3 (C-13), 74.6 (C-6), 71.7 (C-12), 70.1 (C-2′), 69.1 (C-5′), 66.4 (C-3′), 59.0 (C-10), 49.9 (C-9), 42.8 (C-2), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.3 (C-4), 36.1 (C-7), 33.7 (C-1″), 29.5 (C-4′), 26.4 (6-CH₃), 25.1 (C-8), 21.0 (5′-CH₃), 20.6 (8-CH₃), 20.4 (C-14), 15.8 (2-C₁₃), 15.2 (12-CH₃), 14.1 (10-CH₃), 10.4 (14-CH₃), 8.8 (4-CH₃).

Example 25 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-acetyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 2. (0.215 g, 0.321 mmol) in pyridine (6.0 ml, 79.0 mmol) acetic acid anhydride (3.0 ml, 31.6 mmol) was added and the reaxtion mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water (50 ml), CH₂Cl₂ (50 ml) was added and the layers were separated. The water layer was extracted two more times with CH₂Cl₂. Combined organic extracts were rinsed with saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO₃, brine, dried over K₂CO₃ and evaporated. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by christalisation from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.12 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.50

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3478, 2973, 2933, 1739, 1464, 1416, 1380, 1316, 1244, 1169, 1114, 1077, 1041, 1003, 968, 946, 904, 832, 774, 674.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 645.6

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.24 (H-3), 5.16 (H-13), 4.34 (H-11), 4.09 (H-1′), 3.84 (H-1″a), 3.80 (H-1″b), 3.52 (H-10), 3.50 (H-5), 3.48 (H-9a), 3.40 (H-5′), 3.26 (H-2′), 2.81 (H-2), 2.61 (H-3′), 2.51 (H-4), 2.39/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.32 (H-9b), 2.30 (H-8), 2.15 (1″-CH₃), 1.93 (H-14a), 1.75 (H-4′a), 1.52 (H-14b), 1.32 (H-7a i b), 1.31 (10-CH₃), 1.27 (6-CH₃), 1.27 (H-4′b), 1.22 (5′-CH₃), 1.21 (12-CH₃), 1.12 (4-CH₃), 1.09 (8-CH₃), 0.96 (2-CH₃), 0.87 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.6 (C-1), 170.4 (1″-C═O), 156.1 (9a,11-C═O), 102.5 (C-1′), 84.5 (C-5), 78.7 (C-3), 78.1 (C-11), 75.9 (C-13), 74.4 (C-6), 71.6 (C-12), 70.3 (C-2′), 69.3 (C-5′), 65.9 (C-3′), 58.6 (C-10), 49.7 (C-9), 42.6 (C-2), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 35.9 (C-4), 35.8 (C-7), 28.9 (C-4′), 26.4 (6-CH₃), 25.1 (C-8), 21.3 (5′-CH₃), 20.9 (8-CH₃), 20.5 (1″-CH₃), 20.3 (C-14), 15.8 (2-CH₃), 14.9 (12-CH₃), 13.9 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.6 (4-CH₃).

Example 26 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid (1.100 g, 6.11 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (25 ml) TEA (0.867 ml, 6.11 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.807 ml, 6.11 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (1.655 ml, 20.45 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 4. (1.220 g, 1.85 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 1.1 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.78 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.71

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3460, 2974, 1747, 1606, 1523, 1457, 1414, 1347, 1251, 1163, 1077, 1049, 1002, 949, 855, 782, 731, 674.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 780.3

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.21 (H-4″,H-6″), 7.55 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.59 (H-13), 5.30 (H-3), 4.25 (H-11), 4.04 (H-1′), 3.86 (H-1″a), 3.81 (H-1″b), 3.50 (H-5), 3.48 (H-10), 3.48 (12-O—CH₃), 3.46 (H-9a), 3.27 (H-5′), 3.23 (H-2′), 2.76 (H-2), 2.45 (H-4), 2.38 (H-3′), 2.34 (H-9b), 2.34 (H-8), 2.30/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 1.74 (H-14a), 1.62 (H-4′a), 1.53 (H-14b), 1.37 (H-7a i b), 1.30 (10-CH₃), 1.28 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.20 (12-CH₃), 1.18 (5′-CH₃), 1.10 (4-CH₃), 0.97 (8-CH₃), 0.90 (2-CH₃), 0.88 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.0 (C-1), 169.8 (1″-C═O), 156.5 (9a,11-C═O), 147.3 (C-5″), 141.2 (C-2″), 130.6 (C-4″, C-6″), 123.7 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.8 (C-1′), 85.6 (C-5), 80.0 (C-3), 79.4 (C-11), 76.5 (C-13), 74.6 (C-6), 73.6 (C-12), 70.4 (C-2′), 69.4 (C-5′), 66.2 (C-3′), 58.7 (C-10), 53.4 (12-O—CH₃), 49.9 (C-9), 42.8 (C-2), 41.4 (C-1″), 40.4/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.3 (C-4), 36.1 (C-7), 28.7 (C-4′), 26.5 (6-CH₃), 24.9 (C-8), 21.0 (5′-CH₃), 20.8 (8-CH₃), 20.8 (C-14), 16.3 (2-CH₃), 15.8 (12-CH₃), 13.8 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.9 (4-CH₃).

Example 27 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 26. (0.120 g, 0.15 mmol) in conc. acetic acid (25 ml) PtO2xH2O (0.07 g, 0.31 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature under H2 pressure about 20 barrs. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 20. Chrystaltsation from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.068 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.52

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3439, 2973, 2931, 1744, 1631, 1518, 1463, 1416, 1382, 1252, 1165, 1079, 1054, 1001, 944, 901, 799, 690, 674.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 750.7

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.18 (H-4″, H-6″), 6.72 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.57 (H-13), 5.22 (H-3), 4.24 (H-11), 4.02 (H-1′), 3.58 (H-1″a), 3.56 (H-5), 3.48 (H-10), 3.48 (12-O—CH₃), 3.44 (H-1″b), 3.44 (H-9a), 3.24 (H-2′), 3.14 (H-5′), 2.73 (H-2), 2.58 (H-3′), 2.45 (H-4), 2.42 (H-9b), 2.40/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.34 (H-8), 1.75 (H-14a), 1.64 (H-4′a), 1.52 (H-14b), 1.33 (H-7a i b), 1.30 (10-CH₃), 1.27 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.22 (12-CH₃), 1.17 (5′-CH₃), 1.13 (4-CH₃), 1.05 (8-CH₃), 0.96 (2-CH₃), 0.92 (14-CH₃).

Example 28 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 4-nitrophenylacetic acid (0.440 g, 2.45 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (20 ml) TEA (0.342 ml, 2.45 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. Pyvaloyl chloride (0.327 ml, 2.45 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes. To a reaction mixture pyridine (0.660 ml, 8.24 mmol) and the solution of 2′-O-acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 6. (0.550 g, 0.817 mmol) in dry CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 19. yielding 0.7 g of oily product. The obtained product was dissolved in MeOH (50 ml) was stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated and the crude product was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column using the system CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:3:0.5. The combining and evaporating of chromatographically homogenous fractions gave the title product which was christalised from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.28 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.77

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3459, 2974, 2936, 1747, 1606, 1523, 1456, 1414, 1380, 1347, 1250, 1218, 1163, 1111, 1077, 1048, 1002, 949, 855, 767, 731, 687.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 794.6

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.18 (H-4″, H-6″), 7.55 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.56 (H-13), 5.26 (H-3), 4.21 (H-11), 4.05 (H-1′), 3.94 (12-O—CH₂a i b/Et), 3.84 (H-1″a), 3.80 (H-1″b), 3.54 (H-5), 3.47 (H-10), 3.42 (H-9a), 3.27 (H-5′), 3.23 (H-2′), 2.73 (H-2), 2.54 (H-3′), 2.45 (H-4), 2.38 (H-8), 2.38/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.30 (H-9b), 1.70 (H-14a), 1.66 (H-4′a), 1.54 (H-14b), 1.31 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.24 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.16 (12-CH₃), 1.13 (5′-CH₃), 1.13 (4-CH₃), 1.07 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 0.95 (8-CH₃), 0.87 (2-CH₃), 0.84 (14-CH₃).

¹³C-NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 172.0 (C-1), 169.8 (1″-C═O), 156.6 (9a,11-C═O), 147.3 (C-5″), 141.2 (C-2″), 130.5 (C-4″, C-6″), 123.8 (C-3″, C-7″), 103.6 (C-1′), 85.8 (C-5), 80.0 (C-3), 79.43 (C-11), 75.3 (C-13), 74.6 (C-6), 73.8 (C-12), 70.3 (C-2′), 69.3 (C-5′), 67.7 (C-3′), 60.5 (12-O—CH₂/Et), 58.2 (C-10), 49.8 (C-9), 42.8 (C-2), 41.4 (C-1″), 40.3/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 36.2 (C-7), 36.0 (C-4), 28.8 (C-4′), 26.9 (6-CH₃), 24.8 (C-8), 21.1 (C-14), 21.0 (5′-CH₃), 20.7 (8-CH₃), 16.7 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 16.0 (2-CH₃), 15.8 (12-CH₃), 13.9 (10-CH₃), 10.3 (14-CH₃), 8.8 (4-CH₃).

Example 29 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate

To a solution of 3-decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate from Example 28. (0.150 g, 0.19 mmol) in conc. acetic acid (25 ml) PtO2xH2O (0.086 g, 0.38 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature under H2 pressure about 20 barrs. The reaction mixture was isolated according the procedure described in Example 20. Chrystalisation from CH₂Cl₂:diethylether:n-hexane yielding 0.084 g of the title compound with following physical-chemical constants:

TLC CH₂Cl₂:MeOH:NH₄OH=90:9:0.5 0.58

IR (KBr) cm⁻¹ 3425, 2973, 2933, 1742, 1638, 1518, 1466, 1417, 1382, 1253, 1219, 1166, 1103, 1080, 1052, 1003, 968, 948, 903, 803, 799, 690, 673.

FAB-MS, MH⁺ 764.7

¹H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.19 (H-4″, H-6″), 6.74 (H-3″, H-7″), 5.58 (H-13), 5.23 (H-3), 4.23 (H-11), 4.03 (H-1′), 3.98 (12-O—CH₂a i b/Et), 3.72 (H-1″a), 3.66 (H-1″b), 3.55 (H-5), 3.50 (H-10), 3.42 (H-9a), 3.24 (H-2′), 3.17 (H-5′), 2.753 (H-2), 2.58 (H-3′), 2.47 (H-4), 2.40/3′N(CH₃)₂/, 2.36 (H-8), 2.33 (H-9b), 1.75 (H-14a), 1.65 (H-4′a), 1.53 (H-14b), 1.34 (H-7a i b), 1.29 (10-CH₃), 1.26 (6-CH₃), 1.24 (H-4′b), 1.20 (12-CH₃), 1.18 (5′-CH₃), 1.13 (4-CH₃), 1.11 (12-O—CH₃/Et), 1.05 (8-CH₃), 0.95 (2-CH₃), 0.90 (14-CH₃). 

1. A compound of formula (I),

wherein R₁ individually represents hydrogen, hydroxyl or a group of the formula (II),

wherein X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group; or X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n) individually represents alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S or N, wherein Ar individually represents 5-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 O, S or N atoms, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 groups, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl represents unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, or a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 groups which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, —C(O)—, COOH or R₁ together with R₂ represents ketone, R₂ individually represents hydrogen or together with R₁ represents ketone or together with R₃ forms an ether bond, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl, a group of the formula —OX or together with R₂ forms an ether bond, R₄ individually represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group, and R₅ individually represents hydrogen or hydroxyl protected group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt or hydrate thereof.
 2. A Compound according to claim 1, characterised in that R₁ represents hydroxyl, R₂ and R₅ are mutually the same and represents hydrogen, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl or for group of the formula —OX, wherein X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group or X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n)individually represents alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, wherein Ar individually represents 5-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 O, S or N atoms, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 groups, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl represents unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, or a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 groups, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkil, —C(O)—, COOH and R₄ individually stands for hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group.
 3. A Compound according to claim 2, characterised in that R₄ represents hydrogen.
 4. A Compound according to claim 2, characterised in that R₄ represents methyl group.
 5. A Compound according to claim 2, characterised in that R₄ represents ethyl group.
 6. A Compound according to claim 1, characterised in that R₁ represents group of the formula (II), wherein X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group or X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n) individually represents alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S or N, wherein Ar individually represents 5-10-membered monocyclic or bycyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 atom O, S or N, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl represents unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, or a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, —C(O)—, COOH, R₂ and R₅ are mutually the same and represent hydrogen, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl or group of the formula —OX and R₄ individually represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group.
 7. A Compound according to claim 1, characterised in that R₁ and R₅ are mutually the same and represent hydrogen, R₂ together with R₃ forms an ether bond and R₄ individually stands for hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group.
 8. A Compound according to claim 1, characterised in that R₁ represents hydroxyl, R₂ together with R₃ forms an ether bond, R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ individually stands for hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group.
 9. A Compound according to claim 1, characterised in that R₁ together with R₂ stands for keto, R₃ represents group of the formula —OX, R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ individually represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group.
 10. A compound selected from the group consisting of: 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; and 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate.
 11. A compound selected from the group consisting of: 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-fluorophenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-methoxyphenyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(benzyl)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(pyridyltio)acyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate, 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-acetyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-nitrophenyl)acyl-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; and 3-Decladinosyl-3-O-(4-aminophenyl)acyl-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate.
 12. A compound selected from the group consisting of: 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; and 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-cyclic ether 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate.
 13. A compound according selected from the group consisting of: 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; and 3-Decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate.
 14. A compound according selected from the group consisting of: 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3-oxy-12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-methyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate; and 2′-O-Acetyl-3-decladinosyl-3,6-hemiketal 12-O-ethyl-9-deoxo-9-dihydro-9a-aza-9a-homoerythromycin A 9a,11-cyclic carbamate.
 15. A process for preparation of a compound of formula (I),

wherein R₁ individually represents hydrogen, hydroxyl or a group of the formula (II),

wherein X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group; or X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n) individually represents alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S or N, wherein Ar individually represents 5-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 O, S or N atoms, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 groups, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl represents unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, or a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 groups which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, —C(O)—, COOH or R₁ together with R₂ represents ketone, R₂ individually represents hydrogen or together with R₁ represents ketone or together with R₃ forms an ether bond, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl, a group of the formula —OX or together with R₂ forms an ether bond, R₄ individually represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group, and R₅ individually represents hydrogen or hydroxyl protected group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt or hydrate thereof, characterised in that a) a compound of formula 3

is subjected to hydrolysis with strong acids in a mixture of water and lower alcohols over 10-30 hours at room temperature yielding a compounds of formula (I), wherein R₁ represents hydroxyl, R₂ and R₅ are mutually the same and represents hydrogen, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl or a group of the formula —OX, wherein X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group, C₂-C₆alkenyl group or X individually represents C₁-C₆alkyl group with at least one incorporated O, S or N atom or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)—Ar or X individually represents (CH₂)_(n)-heterocycloalkyl, wherein (CH₂)_(n) individually represents alkyl, wherein n is 1-10, with or without incorporated atom O, S or N, wherein Ar individually represents 5-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring with 0-3 atom O, S or N, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-3 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkyl, and heterocycloalkyl represents unaromatic, partially or completely saturated 3-10-membered monocyclic or bicyclic ring system, or a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring connected with a unaromatic ring with or without incorporated O, S or N atom, unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 group, which are selected independently from halogen, OH, OMe, NO₂, NH₂, amino-C₁-C₃alkyl or amino-C₁-C₃dialkyl, CN, SO₂NH₂, C₁-C₃alkil, —C(O)—, COOH and R₄ individually represents hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl group or C₂-C₄alkenyl group, which is then subjected to b) a selective acylation of the hydroxyl group at 2′-position with a chlorides or anhydride of a carboxylic acids with up to 4 carbon atoms, in the presence of inorganic or organic base, in a reaction-inert solvent at a temperature from 0-30° C., yielding a 2′-O-acyl derivatives of formula (I), wherein R₁ represents hydroxyl, R₂ represents hydrogen, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl or group of the formula —OX, R₅ represents acetyl group and R₄ and X have the meanings defined in a) which is then optionally subjected to c1) a reaction with mixed anhydrides of carboxylic acids of the formula Y—COO—R′, wherein Y represents hydrogen or represents group X wherein X is as defined in step a), wherein R′ represents a group selected from pivaloyl-, p-toluensulphonyl-, isobutoxycarbonyl-, etoxycarbonyl- and isopropoxycarbonyl-group, in the presence of inorganic or organic base, in a reaction-inert solvent, at a temperature from 0-30° C. for 3-100 hours yielding a compound of formula (I), wherein R₁ represents a group of formula (II) as defined above, R₂ represents hydrogen, R₃ individually represents hydroxyl or the group of the formula —OX, wherein R₅ represents acetyl, and substituents R₄ and X are as defined in step a), which is then subjected to deprotection with a lower alcohol at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of formula (I), wherein R₅ represents hydrogen and R₃, R₄ and X have the meanings as defined in c1); or c2) when R₃ represents group of formula OX and the remaining substituents have the meanings defined in b), a compound from step b) is subjected to oxidation of the hydroxyl group in the C-3 position of an aglycone ring with N,N-dimethylaminopropyl-3-ethyl-carbodiimide in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide and pyridinium trifluoracetate as a catalyst in a inert organic solvent at a temperature from 10° C. to room temperature, yielding a compound of general formula (I), wherein R₁ together with R₂ represents ketone, R₃ represents a group of the formula —OX, R₅ represents acetyl and substituents R₄ and X have the above meanings defined in step a), which is then subjected to deprotection with a lower alcohol at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of general formula (I), wherein R₁ and R₂ together represent ketone, wherein R₅ represents hydrogen and all other substituents have the meanings as defined in c2); or c3) when R₃ represents hydroxyl and the remaining substituents have the meanings defined in step b), the compound from step b) is subjected to oxidation described in step c) to obtain a 3,6-hemiketal compound of general formula (I) wherein R₁ represents hydroxyl, R₂ together with R₃ forms an ether bond, R₅ represents acetyl and R₄ has the above meanings, which is then subjected to deprotection with a lower alcohols at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of formula (I), wherein R₅ represents hydrogen and all other substituents have the meanings defined in step c3); or c4) when R₃ represents hydroxyl and the remaining substituents have the meanings defined in step b), hydroxyl group on the C-3 position of a compound from step b) is transformed to a good leaving group, using methylsulfonylchloride, in an inert organic solvent at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent for 10-50 hours, then to elimination using sodium hydride, in a inert organic solvent at a temperature from 10° C. to room temperature, yielding a 3,6-cyclic ether compound of formula (I), wherein R₁ represents hydrogen, R₂ together with R₃ represents ether, R₅ represents acetyl and R₄ has the above meanings, which is then subjected to deprotection with a lower alcohol, at a temperature from room temperature to the reflux temperature of the solvent, yielding a compound of formula (I), wherein R₅ stands for hydrogen and all other substituents have the meanings as defined in C₄). 